| |January 20199CIOReviewAdopting Smart manufacturing, analytics and IoT will give a new lease of life to industrialization in Indiaprevention. Advanced analytics would help to enhance production capacity and its quality. The model would shift towards prediction and prevention of defects through data analytics. The digitisation of various business processes would lead to cost-saving and a better experience for customer and employees.Industry 4.0 is making inroads in Indian manufacturing and other sectors to leverage the best that technology has to offer us. According to IBEF, the Government of India plans to increase the contribution of manufacturing sector to 25 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 2025, from the current level of 16 percent. India is also prepared to face global competition by undertaking the `Make in India' programme. It is all set to lead the world with Smart Manufacturing. The heavy industries and public enterprises ministry are facilitating the establishment of four centres in the country to help SMEs implement Industry 4.0 and India's first Smart factory is being set up at Bengaluru, powered by data exchange in manufacturing and the Internet of Things (IoT). Andhra Pradesh government is also aiming to transform the state into an Internet of Things (IoT) junction by 2020 by setting up 10 IoT hubs in PPP model. The number of robots deployed by Indian firms has witnessed a 200-fold increase since the turn of the 21st century. Yet, the stock of industrial robots in India in 2016 at 16,026 accounts for barely 0.1 percent of India's industrial workforce. The looming fear of job losses owing to robotics and automation has been a major area of concern. World Bank data says that the proportion of jobs threatened by automation in India is 69 percent year-on-year. This means that in a year, seven out of 10 jobs will face the heat of automation --effectively changing the face of the labour market. Leading car manufacturer Maruti Suzuki India Ltd now has one robot for almost every four workers --it deploys some 5,000 robots at their Manesar and Gurgaon plants. Low- and mid-level jobs are majorly at stake. To counter this threat, the government and enterprises should focus on training their workforce so that they can work collaboratively with automated and IT controlled processes. And there is always a cloud with silver lining. We must not forget that when computer replaced typewriters in India, it created a multi-billion dollar industry. The automation similarly is expected to create an INR 350 billion industry.While certain encouraging steps have already been taken both by the government and enterprises, there is a lot more that remains to be done. There needs to a shift in mindset before there is a shift in capacity. Instead of just undertaking more capital expenditure, the focus should be on enhancing existing asset base. Adopting Smart manufacturing, analytics and IoT will give a new lease of life to industrialization in India. But with so much dependence on machines, the need to have an immensely secured system increases. The cyber systems are going to be advanced which means enterprises will have to invest heavily in upskilling/reskilling and defining new roles. Policy implementation hurdles still persist. Governments will undoubtedly face tough decisions as to how far the private sector can go in terms of robotics and information sharing. Even though there are various speculations regarding the implementation of the automated ecosystem, Industry 4.0 is a revolutionary approach transforming manufacturing around the globe, as did the first three industrial revolutions. Industry 4.0 will enable information to flow not only from manufacturer to product, but between producers, products and, most importantly, customers. The possibilities are exciting, productivity will increase, and amazing things will come by connecting the world. Dr. Rishi Bhatnagar
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